Report of the first “Cortical Evolution Conference”, May 18-20, 2015, Toledo, Spain

The “Museo del Ejercito” in the Spanish city of Toledo has hosted the first conference on the evolution of the cervical cortex. The meeting gathered about two hundred scientists among the greatest experts in the field of cervical cortex and correspondent structures in reptiles and birds, with a special focus on understanding the functions and evolution of the human cortex in normal and pathological conditions. This article reports on the main topics of the conference.